Over 50 million tweets referencing #Covid-19 and #Covid19 for more than 2 months in early 2020 Most videos did not describe labelling storage containers, 69% (34 of 49) of videos encouraged the use of oils or perfumes to enhance hand sanitiser scent, and 2% (1) of videos promoted the use of colouring agents to be more attractive for use among children specifically significantly increased mean number of daily calls to poison control centres regarding unsafe paediatric exposure to hand sanitiser since the first confirmed patient with COVID-19 in the USA (p<0в™°010) significantly increased mean number of daily calls in March, 2020, compared with the previous 2 years (p<0в™°010) Methods OverviewД¤9 of the first 100 videos on YouTube with the most views that were identified by the search term DIY hand sanitiser 51 videos were excluded because they were not in English or not related to the search termД¬odified video content assessed by use of Cohen's Оє descriptive statistics calculated assessed by П‡ 2 test with 2-sided p value <0в™°5 as the threshold for significance

Our objective was to identify and analyse studies on social media that were related to COVID-19 and focused on five themes: infodemics, public attitudes, mental health, detection or prediction of COVID-19 cases, government responses to the pandemic, and quality of health information in videos. We investigated public attitudes and perceptions towards COVID-19 on social media, information about COVID-19 on social media, use of social media for prediction and detection of COVID-19, the effects of COVID-19 on mental health, and government responses to COVID-19 on social media. Therefore, keeping in view the limitations of existing research that we have previously mentioned, we did a scoping review with the aim of understanding the roles that social media has had since the beginning of the COVID-19 crisis.

For COVID-19, social media can have a crucial role in disseminating health information and tackling infodemics and misinformation.ДЄnalysing and disseminating information from peer-reviewed, published research can guide policy makers and public health agencies to design interventions for accurate and timely knowledge translation to the general public. Furthermore, our Review emphasises the paucity of studies on the application of machine learning on data from COVID-19-related social media and a scarcity of studies documenting real-time surveillance that was developed with data from social media on COVID-19. These themes focused on: surveying public attitudes, identifying infodemics, assessing mental health, detecting or predicting COVID-19 cases, analysing government responses to the pandemic, and evaluating quality of health information in prevention education videos. From an analysis of 81 studies, we identified five overarching public health themes concerning the role of online social media platforms and COVID-19. In this scoping review, we selected and examined peer-reviewed empirical studies relating to COVID-19 and social media during the first outbreak from November, 2019, to November, 2020. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, social media has rapidly become a crucial communication tool for information generation, dissemination, and consumption. The Lancet Regional Health вЂ“ Western Pacific.The Lancet Regional Health вЂ“ Southeast Asia.The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology.

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